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Language: Uma (Kantewu dialect)

Source/Author:  Martens, Michael 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:ppk  Glottocode: umaa1242 
Notes:  This is Kantewu (Central) dialect Uma. Other Uma dialects are Southern, Toleeʔ, Tobaku, and Winatu-Toriʔuntu. 
Problems:  I will use ʔ for glottal stop; β for bilabial fricative; č for alveo-palatal affricate (always prenasalized); j for voiced alveo-palatal affricate (i.e., like English j); ŋ for velar nasal; ñ for alveo-palatal nasal. 
Data Entry:  Typed By: Michael P. Martens  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Celebic:Kaili-Pamona:Southern 
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ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand pale   52  
2 left kiʔii   1, 42  
3 right kaʔana   1, 73  
4 leg/foot βitiʔ   5  
5 to walk makoʔ      
6 road/path ohea      
7 to come rata      
8 to turn word info βeo      
8 to turn word info βaleo      
9 to swim mo-naŋu mo- prefix    
10 dirty baboʔ      
11 dust aβu same as #146 'ash'    
12 skin kuluma      
13 back word info toŋoʔ generic    
13 back word info kelo lower back    
14 belly taʔi      
15 bone βuku      
16 intestines taʔi liko lit., 'coiled stomach'    
17 liver ate      
18 breast tiiʔ in Toleeʔ & Tobaku dialects: suhu    
19 shoulder βiŋa      
20 to know, be knowledgeable inča      
21 to think pekiri borrowing from Malay    
22 to fear me-ʔekaʔ me- prefix    
23 blood raaʔ      
24 head βooʔ      
25 neck βurokoʔ      
26 hair word info βulu βooʔ 'hair of head'    
27 nose oŋe      
28 to breathe mo-ʔinohaʔ mo- prefix; perhaps the root contains a frozen -in- infix    
29 to sniff, smell eŋaʔ      
30 mouth ŋaŋa interior of mouth    
30 mouth βiβi outer, specifically the lips    
31 tooth ŋihiʔ      
32 tongue jilaʔ      
33 to laugh taβa      
34 to cry geoʔ      
35 to vomit te-luaʔ te- prefix    
36 to spit me-tiliku me- prefix    
37 to eat ŋ-koniʔ ŋ- prefix    
38 to chew word info kajaʔ to chew food    
38 to chew word info kaŋiaʔ to make chewing motions    
39 to cook word info mpoka-tahaʔ 'cause to be cooked/ripe'    
40 to drink ŋ-inu ŋ- prefix    
41 to bite benčiʔ      
42 to suck sihiʔ      
42 to suck jomeʔ      
43 ear tiliŋa      
44 to hear epe      
45 eye mata      
46 to see hilo      
47 to yawn moñaʔ      
48 to sleep letaʔ      
49 to lie down word info turu      
50 to dream mo-ʔompoʔ mo- prefix    
51 to sit mo-hura mo- prefix    
52 to stand mo-kore mo - prefix    
53 person/human being tauna root is tau; 3rd sg possessive -na is almost always used with it    
54 man/male tomane to- means 'person'    
55 woman/female tobine to- means 'person' 1, 41  
56 child anaʔ      
57 husband tomane same as 'man' but a possessive pronoun is used if it means husband    
58 wife tobine same as 'woman' but a possessive is used if it means wife    
59 mother tina      
60 father tuama      
61 house tomi      
62 thatch/roof ataʔ      
63 name haŋaʔ      
64 to say uliʔ      
65 rope koloro      
66 to tie up, fasten mpo-hooʔ mpo- prefix. Note: there are MANY terms for tying; this is the most common response and is somewhat generic.    
67 to sew word info mo-dau mo- prefix    
68 needle jaru probably a borrowing from Malay    
69 to hunt word info mo-ʔahu mo- prefix on archaic term for 'dog'    
70 to shoot word info - bow and arrow not used; but the term panaʔ is used of hurling something (rock, stick), and the term saku is used of hurling a spear    
71 to stab, pierce jalo stab with knife, spear    
71 to stab, pierce tohuʔ stab with pointy object like awl, needle    
72 to hit word info paoʔ There are several terms for hitting; this is the most common.    
73 to steal ma-nako ma- prefix    
74 to kill patehi      
75 to die, be dead mate      
76 to live, be alive tuβuʔ same as 86 'to grow'    
77 to scratch word info kao      
78 to cut, hack word info puaʔ      
79 stick/wood kaju No term for 'stick'; kaju = wood/tree; raʔa = branch    
80 to split word info bikaʔ split something lengthwise    
80 to split word info beho split wood for firewood    
81 sharp bakaʔ sharp edge    
81 sharp taja pointy tip    
82 dull, blunt mo-kuluʔ mo- prefix    
83 to work word info mo-bago generic    
83 to work word info mo-liaʔ agricultural work    
84 to plant huʔa to plant a seed or seedling    
84 to plant tujaʔ to plant seeds using a dibble stick    
85 to choose pelihi      
86 to grow word info tuβuʔ same as 76 'to live'    
87 to swell word info mo-βoto mo- prefix; βoto 'body'    
88 to squeeze word info peaʔ      
89 to hold word info kamu      
90 to dig kae dig with hands    
90 to dig keke dig with tool    
91 to buy oli      
92 to open, uncover huŋkaʔ open a lid    
92 to open, uncover huŋke remove a soft cover (cloth, leaf)    
92 to open, uncover bea open a door    
93 to pound, beat word info mo-mañu mo- prefix. Protoform < *bayu    
94 to throw word info teneʔ throw underhand (more generic)    
94 to throw word info libaʔ throw overhand    
95 to fall word info mo-naβuʔ mo- prefix    
96 dog dikeʔ Obsolete form (ahu) still used as verb to hunt; cf. 69.    
97 bird danči      
98 egg ntolu      
99 feather βulu same term for furr, hair    
100 wing paniʔ      
101 to fly ngkali-moko      
101 to fly meli-moko      
102 rat βulehuʔ      
103 meat/flesh bauʔ meat/fish (as food)    
103 meat/flesh ihi flesh as body part    
104 fat/grease boko layer of fat under skin (especially of pigs)    
104 fat/grease tabaʔ fat around inner organs    
105 tail iku      
106 snake ule      
107 worm (earthworm) kilinoro      
108 louse word info kutu      
109 mosquito koromuʔ      
110 spider bukaoʔ      
111 fish bauʔ meat in general but often used for fish    
111 fish uru specific of fish    
112 rotten word info pope      
113 branch word info raʔa      
114 leaf rau      
115 root raliʔ      
116 flower βuŋa      
117 fruit βuaʔ      
118 grass koβoʔ      
119 earth/soil tanaʔ      
120 stone βatu      
121 sand βoʔone      
122 water word info ue      
123 to flow mo-ʔili mo- prefix    
124 sea tahiʔ      
125 salt poiʔ      
126 lake rano   1  
127 woods/forest βanaʔ virgin forest    
127 woods/forest ponulu forest near village    
127 woods/forest oma former garden regrown into forest    
128 sky laŋiʔ      
129 moon βula   1  
130 star betueʔ      
131 cloud word info limuʔ      
132 fog limuʔ ŋkuku low cloud    
132 fog gaβu fog or haze    
133 rain uda      
134 thunder kuna      
135 lightning kilaʔ      
136 wind ŋoluʔ      
137 to blow word info βui blow (of wind)    
137 to blow word info tuβuiʔ blow (with the mouth) on a fire    
138 warm word info mo-raniʔ mo- prefix    
139 cold word info mo-leŋiʔ mo- prefix    
140 dry word info baŋi      
141 wet mo-siiʔ mo- prefix    
142 heavy mo-tomo mo- prefix    
143 fire apu      
144 to burn word info tunu burn/roast    
144 to burn word info suβe burn off a field    
145 smoke word info raŋahu      
146 ash aβu same as #11 'dust'    
147 black mo-ʔeta mo- prefix    
148 white bula      
149 red mo-lei mo- prefix    
150 yellow mo-kuni mo- prefix    
151 green mo-leβue mo- prefix    
152 small kediʔ      
153 big bohe      
154 short word info diŋkiʔ (a.)    
154 short word info redeʔ (b.)    
155 long word info mo-laŋa mo- prefix    
156 thin word info mo-reniʔ mo- prefix    
157 thick word info mo-roho 'strong' but commonly used for 'thick'    
157 thick word info mo-kumpa precise term for 'thick' but rarely used.    
158 narrow jopiʔ      
159 wide mo-βelaʔ mo- prefix    
160 painful, sick pedaʔ hurt; painful; sick    
161 shy, ashamed me-ʔeaʔ me- prefix    
162 old word info tuʔa      
163 new boʔu      
164 good lompeʔ Tolee', Winatu-Toriʔuntu dialects: beloʔ (of which lompeʔ is an irregular metathesis)    
165 bad, evil daʔa      
165 bad, evil dadaʔa      
166 correct, true ma-kono ma- prefix    
167 night beŋi      
168 day eo      
169 year mpae      
170 when? word info ntoʔuma      
171 to hide word info mpo-βuni mpo- prefix    
172 to climb word info ma-nakeʔ ma- prefix    
173 at hi      
174 in, inside hi rala      
175 above hi lolo      
176 below hi uneʔ      
177 this toi      
177 this toheʔi      
178 that toe distal.    
178 that toheʔe distal.    
178 that tetu proximal.    
179 near mohuʔ      
180 far mo-laa mo- prefix    
181 where? word info hiapa      
182 I akuʔ      
183 thou iko      
184 he/she hiʔa      
185 we word info kitaʔ incl.    
185 we word info kaiʔ excl.    
186 you koiʔ      
187 they hiraʔ      
188 what? word info napa      
189 who? word info hema      
190 other ntaniʔ      
191 all omea      
191 all haβeʔea      
192 and paiʔ      
193 if ane      
194 how? word info beiβa      
195 no, not uma      
196 to count bilaʔ perhaps a borrowing from Malay    
197 One word info isaʔ independent form    
197 One word info ha- bound form    
198 Two word info dua independent form    
198 Two word info ro- bound form    
199 Three word info tolu      
200 Four word info opoʔ      
201 Five word info lima      
202 Six word info ono      
203 Seven word info pitu      
204 Eight word info βalu      
205 Nine word info sio   5  
206 Ten word info hampuluʔ      
207 Twenty word info rompuluʔ      
208 Fifty word info limampuluʔ      
209 One Hundred word info haʔatu      
210 One Thousand word info hančobu      

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