Language: Tolaki (Konawe)
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 4 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed "notes" from "Mead, David. 1999. The Bungku–Tolaki languages of south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics D-91.
β = voiced bilabial fricative" - Simon Greenhill (2012-11-15 02:01:57)
- Changed "silcode" from "" - Simon Greenhill (2012-01-09 01:40:37)
- Changed "notes" from "Mead, David. 1999. The Bungku–Tolaki languages of south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics D-91.
β = voiced bilabial fricative" - Simon Greenhill (2012-01-09 01:40:37)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
1 |
hand |
kae |
|
36 |
|
2 |
left |
|
|
|
|
3 |
right |
|
|
|
|
4 |
leg/foot |
kare |
|
49 |
|
5 |
to walk |
lako |
|
1 |
|
5 |
to walk |
lumolako |
|
|
|
5 |
to walk |
molakolako |
|
|
|
5 |
to walk |
melimba |
|
|
|
5 |
to walk |
lumako |
|
|
|
6 |
road/path |
sala |
|
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
leu |
|
|
|
8 |
to turn
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
to swim |
lūmaŋo |
|
|
|
9 |
to swim |
lumaŋo |
|
1 |
|
9 |
to swim |
numaŋo |
|
1 |
|
10 |
dirty |
|
|
|
|
11 |
dust |
|
|
|
|
12 |
skin |
ani |
|
65 |
|
12 |
skin |
kuli |
|
1 |
|
13 |
back
|
|
|
|
|
14 |
belly |
tia |
|
|
|
15 |
bone |
βuku |
|
|
|
16 |
intestines |
|
|
|
|
17 |
liver |
ate |
|
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
uhu |
|
|
|
19 |
shoulder |
|
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
tumorikee |
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
tumōrikee |
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
toorikee |
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
toʔorikee |
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
torikee |
|
|
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
tumoʔorikee |
|
|
|
21 |
to think |
|
|
|
|
22 |
to fear |
|
|
|
|
23 |
blood |
beli |
|
|
|
24 |
head |
ulu |
|
1 |
|
25 |
neck |
βoroko |
|
|
|
26 |
hair
|
βuu |
|
|
|
27 |
nose |
eŋe |
|
|
|
27 |
nose |
ŋusu |
|
|
|
28 |
to breathe |
|
|
|
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
|
|
|
|
30 |
mouth |
pondu |
|
|
|
31 |
tooth |
ŋisi |
|
24 |
|
32 |
tongue |
elo |
|
4 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
mōtao |
|
|
|
33 |
to laugh |
mototao |
|
|
|
33 |
to laugh |
motao |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
mebiari |
child |
|
|
34 |
to cry |
umiʔia |
adult |
|
|
34 |
to cry |
mebiari |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
imiʔia |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
humuhua |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
umiʔia |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
miia |
|
|
|
34 |
to cry |
miʔia |
|
|
|
35 |
to vomit |
peʔua |
|
|
|
35 |
to vomit |
peua |
|
|
|
36 |
to spit |
meeni |
|
|
|
36 |
to spit |
meʔenihi |
|
|
|
36 |
to spit |
meʔinihi |
|
|
|
36 |
to spit |
meʔeni |
|
|
|
36 |
to spit |
meʔini |
|
|
|
37 |
to eat |
moŋgaa |
|
1 |
|
38 |
to chew
|
|
|
|
|
39 |
to cook
|
|
|
|
|
40 |
to drink |
moinu |
|
|
|
40 |
to drink |
moʔenu |
|
|
|
40 |
to drink |
moʔinu |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
bakatiʔi |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekerasi |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mebakati |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekeketa |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
moŋgerasi |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekaa |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
moŋgeketa |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekiki |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekaa |
animal |
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mebakata |
human |
|
|
41 |
to bite |
moŋgekea |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
moŋkara |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mobakati |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
mekarasi |
|
|
|
41 |
to bite |
moŋgiki |
|
|
|
42 |
to suck |
|
|
|
|
43 |
ear |
biri |
|
26 |
|
44 |
to hear |
momboedea |
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
podeaʔi |
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
moedeʔai |
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
mondedeaʔi |
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
medeaʔi |
|
|
|
44 |
to hear |
mombodea |
|
|
|
45 |
eye |
kumiiʔi |
|
|
|
45 |
eye |
mekikii |
|
|
|
45 |
eye |
moŋgondo |
|
|
|
45 |
eye |
mata |
|
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
moŋgikii |
|
76 |
|
46 |
to see |
moŋgee |
|
76 |
|
46 |
to see |
moŋgii |
|
76 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
|
|
|
|
48 |
to sleep |
moturu |
|
1 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
moʔiso |
|
|
|
48 |
to sleep |
moiso |
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
moʔisoʔiso |
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
motuturu |
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
moisoiso |
|
|
|
49 |
to lie down
|
monduturu |
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
moʔepi |
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
moʔipi |
|
|
|
50 |
to dream |
moipi |
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
perehurehu |
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
mendotoro |
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
mereurehu |
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
mererehu |
|
|
|
51 |
to sit |
merērehu |
|
|
|
52 |
to stand |
meliŋgoro |
|
|
|
52 |
to stand |
meŋgokoro |
|
|
|
53 |
person/human being |
toono |
|
|
|
54 |
man/male |
laŋgai |
|
|
|
55 |
woman/female |
tina |
|
20 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
more |
|
|
|
56 |
child |
anadalo |
|
|
|
56 |
child |
ana |
|
|
|
57 |
husband |
saŋgina |
|
|
|
57 |
husband |
laŋgai |
|
|
|
57 |
husband |
rapu |
|
|
|
57 |
husband |
βali |
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
more |
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
tinaŋgoβe |
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
rapu |
|
|
|
58 |
wife |
βali |
|
|
|
59 |
mother |
bae |
|
|
|
59 |
mother |
inda |
|
1, 92 |
|
59 |
mother |
maa |
|
|
|
59 |
mother |
ina |
|
1 |
|
60 |
father |
iama |
|
|
|
60 |
father |
ua |
|
|
|
60 |
father |
ama |
|
|
|
61 |
house |
|
|
|
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
|
|
|
|
63 |
name |
tamo |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
mondulura |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
monduura |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
bitara |
|
19 |
|
64 |
to say |
metura |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
teʔeni |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
mebitara |
|
|
|
64 |
to say |
metulura |
|
|
|
65 |
rope |
olō |
|
|
|
65 |
rope |
ula |
|
|
|
65 |
rope |
oloo |
large |
|
|
65 |
rope |
koloro |
small |
|
|
65 |
rope |
oloo |
|
|
|
65 |
rope |
koloro |
|
|
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
|
|
|
|
67 |
to sew
|
|
|
|
|
68 |
needle |
|
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
|
|
|
|
70 |
to shoot
|
|
|
|
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
|
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
|
|
|
|
73 |
to steal |
|
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
pepateʔi |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
mepateʔi |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
mombeopate |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
mbepate |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
mombopate |
|
|
|
74 |
to kill |
mombepate |
|
|
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
mate |
|
|
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
|
|
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
|
|
|
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
|
|
|
|
79 |
stick/wood |
kasu |
|
|
|
80 |
to split
|
|
|
|
|
81 |
sharp |
|
|
|
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
|
|
|
|
83 |
to work
|
|
|
|
|
84 |
to plant |
|
|
|
|
85 |
to choose |
|
|
|
|
86 |
to grow
|
|
|
|
|
87 |
to swell
|
|
|
|
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
|
|
|
|
89 |
to hold
|
|
|
|
|
90 |
to dig |
|
|
|
|
91 |
to buy |
|
|
|
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
|
|
|
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
umusa |
|
|
|
94 |
to throw
|
|
|
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
motonda |
from a person's hand |
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
moʔisa |
|
|
|
95 |
to fall
|
motonda |
|
|
|
96 |
dog |
dahu |
|
|
|
97 |
bird |
koβekoβe |
|
|
|
97 |
bird |
manumanu |
|
|
|
98 |
egg |
tiʔolu |
|
|
|
98 |
egg |
tiolu |
|
|
|
99 |
feather |
βulu |
|
|
|
100 |
wing |
|
|
|
|
101 |
to fly |
lumaa |
|
|
|
102 |
rat |
taβaʔue |
|
|
|
102 |
rat |
tehu |
small |
|
|
102 |
rat |
doeke |
large |
|
|
102 |
rat |
doeke |
small |
|
|
102 |
rat |
tehu |
large |
|
|
102 |
rat |
doeke |
|
|
|
102 |
rat |
tehu |
|
|
|
102 |
rat |
tadike |
|
|
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
ihi |
|
|
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
ramo |
|
|
|
104 |
fat/grease |
romerome |
|
|
|
104 |
fat/grease |
tiri |
|
|
|
104 |
fat/grease |
raba |
|
|
|
104 |
fat/grease |
taba |
|
|
|
105 |
tail |
iku |
|
|
|
106 |
snake |
ule |
generic |
|
|
106 |
snake |
ule |
small |
|
|
106 |
snake |
sao |
large |
|
|
106 |
snake |
ule |
|
|
|
106 |
snake |
sao |
|
|
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
|
|
|
|
108 |
louse
|
kutu |
|
|
|
109 |
mosquito |
buroto |
|
|
|
110 |
spider |
|
|
|
|
111 |
fish |
βete |
|
|
|
111 |
fish |
ika |
|
|
|
112 |
rotten
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
branch
|
|
|
|
|
114 |
leaf |
taβa |
|
|
|
115 |
root |
haka |
|
|
|
116 |
flower |
buŋabuŋa |
|
|
|
116 |
flower |
buŋa |
|
|
|
117 |
fruit |
βua |
|
|
|
118 |
grass |
|
|
|
|
119 |
earth/soil |
βuta |
|
27 |
|
120 |
stone |
βatu |
|
|
|
121 |
sand |
one |
|
|
|
122 |
water
|
iβoi |
|
|
|
123 |
to flow |
|
|
|
|
124 |
sea |
andahi |
|
|
|
124 |
sea |
taʔi |
|
|
|
124 |
sea |
tahi |
|
|
|
125 |
salt |
ohio |
|
|
|
125 |
salt |
teʔanihi |
|
|
|
125 |
salt |
peanihi |
|
|
|
125 |
salt |
peʔanihi |
|
|
|
126 |
lake |
inotu |
swampβ |
|
|
126 |
lake |
aʔepe |
|
|
|
126 |
lake |
lino |
|
|
|
126 |
lake |
arano |
|
|
|
126 |
lake |
rano |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
andolo |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
inalahi |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
andoolo |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
ahoma |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
andoʔolo |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
sambu |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
laloŋgasu |
|
|
|
128 |
sky |
lahuʔene |
|
|
|
128 |
sky |
laŋi |
|
|
|
128 |
sky |
lahueni |
|
|
|
128 |
sky |
lahuene |
|
|
|
129 |
moon |
βula |
|
|
|
130 |
star |
naboseβuta |
|
|
|
130 |
star |
βotiti |
|
|
|
130 |
star |
anaβula |
|
|
|
131 |
cloud
|
taiʔusa |
|
|
|
131 |
cloud
|
taiusa |
|
|
|
131 |
cloud
|
taiʔopua |
|
|
|
131 |
cloud
|
gaβu |
|
|
|
131 |
cloud
|
seru |
|
|
|
132 |
fog |
|
|
|
|
133 |
rain |
usa |
|
|
|
134 |
thunder |
|
|
|
|
135 |
lightning |
|
|
|
|
136 |
wind |
pua |
|
|
|
136 |
wind |
opua |
|
|
|
137 |
to blow
|
|
|
|
|
138 |
warm
|
moβoloβolo |
(luke)warm (water) |
|
|
138 |
warm
|
moʔoβo |
(luke)warm (water) |
|
|
138 |
warm
|
mokulakula |
(luke)warm (water) |
|
|
138 |
warm
|
moβolo |
(luke)warm (water) |
|
|
138 |
warm
|
makula |
hot (water) |
|
|
138 |
warm
|
mokula |
hot (water) |
|
|
139 |
cold
|
moriŋi |
|
|
|
139 |
cold
|
morini |
|
|
|
139 |
cold
|
mokorai |
|
|
|
140 |
dry
|
moʔare |
|
|
|
140 |
dry
|
moβatu |
|
|
|
141 |
wet |
|
|
|
|
142 |
heavy |
|
|
|
|
143 |
fire |
api |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
sumoru |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
tumunui |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
mohulu |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
mohunu |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
mondunu |
|
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
humunu |
|
|
|
145 |
smoke
|
ahuapi |
|
|
|
145 |
smoke
|
ahu |
|
|
|
146 |
ash |
aβu |
|
|
|
147 |
black |
meʔeto |
|
|
|
147 |
black |
meeto |
|
|
|
148 |
white |
mopute |
|
|
|
148 |
white |
moβila |
|
|
|
149 |
red |
motaha |
light |
|
|
149 |
red |
momea |
dark |
|
|
149 |
red |
momea |
|
|
|
149 |
red |
motaha |
|
|
|
150 |
yellow |
moʔuso |
|
|
|
150 |
yellow |
moʔuso |
egg yolk to chocolate |
|
|
150 |
yellow |
mokuni |
|
|
|
151 |
green |
momata |
|
|
|
151 |
green |
moʔuroro |
|
|
|
151 |
green |
motai |
|
|
|
151 |
green |
moʔuso |
|
|
|
151 |
green |
mololo |
|
|
|
152 |
small |
meheβu |
|
|
|
152 |
small |
moheβu |
|
|
|
153 |
big |
oβose |
|
|
|
154 |
short
|
moputu |
|
|
|
154 |
short
|
oputu |
|
|
|
155 |
long
|
mendaa |
|
|
|
156 |
thin
|
|
|
|
|
157 |
thick
|
|
|
|
|
158 |
narrow |
|
|
|
|
159 |
wide |
|
|
|
|
160 |
painful, sick |
|
|
|
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
|
|
|
|
162 |
old
|
motuo |
|
|
|
162 |
old
|
motuʔo |
|
|
|
163 |
new |
βoohu |
|
|
|
163 |
new |
βoʔohu |
|
|
|
163 |
new |
βuʔohu |
|
|
|
163 |
new |
βuohu |
|
|
|
164 |
good |
momahe |
|
|
|
164 |
good |
meʔambo |
|
|
|
164 |
good |
meambo |
|
|
|
165 |
bad, evil |
|
|
|
|
166 |
correct, true |
|
|
|
|
167 |
night |
βiŋi |
|
|
|
168 |
day |
|
|
|
|
169 |
year |
|
|
|
|
170 |
when?
|
|
|
|
|
171 |
to hide
|
|
|
|
|
172 |
to climb
|
|
|
|
|
173 |
at |
|
|
|
|
174 |
in, inside |
|
|
|
|
175 |
above |
βaβo |
|
|
|
175 |
above |
i βaβo |
|
|
|
176 |
below |
lolu |
under |
|
|
176 |
below |
i lolu |
under |
|
|
177 |
this |
iʔino |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
iino |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
ino |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
ŋgiroʔo |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
niʔino |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
inono |
|
|
|
177 |
this |
niino |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
tuuno |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ituʔo |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgiro |
far |
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgitu |
near |
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgitaʔo |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgita |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgiro |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgitu |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgiroʔo |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgituʔo |
|
|
|
178 |
that |
ŋgituʔu |
|
|
|
179 |
near |
merambu |
|
|
|
179 |
near |
merambi |
|
|
|
180 |
far |
mondai |
|
|
|
180 |
far |
meʔilo |
|
|
|
180 |
far |
mendae |
|
|
|
180 |
far |
mondae |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
umbei |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
humbe |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
humbee |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
nihaβo |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
inihaβo |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
umbee |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
inehaβo |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
humbeʔi |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
mbeʔi |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
imbei |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
umbeʔi |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
imbee |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
imbeʔi |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
nehaβo |
|
|
|
181 |
where?
|
mbee |
|
|
|
182 |
I |
inaku |
|
|
|
183 |
thou |
iŋgoo |
you (fam.) |
|
|
183 |
thou |
iŋŋoʔo |
you (fam.) |
|
|
183 |
thou |
iŋgoʔo |
you (fam.) |
|
|
184 |
he/she |
ieʔi ~ iee |
|
|
|
184 |
he/she |
ie |
|
|
|
184 |
he/she |
iee |
|
|
|
184 |
he/she |
ieʔi |
|
|
|
184 |
he/she |
iei |
|
|
|
185 |
we
|
ŋkito |
we (incl.) |
|
|
185 |
we
|
iŋgito |
we (incl.) |
|
|
185 |
we
|
iŋkami |
we (excl.) |
|
|
185 |
we
|
iŋŋami |
we (excl.) |
|
|
185 |
we
|
iŋgami |
we (excl.) |
|
|
186 |
you |
|
|
|
|
187 |
they |
mbehiro |
|
|
|
187 |
they |
ihiro |
|
|
|
188 |
what?
|
haβo |
|
|
|
188 |
what?
|
hapo |
|
|
|
189 |
who?
|
inai |
|
|
|
189 |
who?
|
inae |
|
|
|
190 |
other |
|
|
|
|
191 |
all |
βuluʔako |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
βuluako |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
naluβuako |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
luβuako |
|
|
|
192 |
and |
|
|
|
|
193 |
if |
|
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teembekee |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
tēteʔembe |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
ŋgoteʔembe |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teʔembeto |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teteʔembe |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teʔembekee |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teembe |
|
|
|
194 |
how?
|
teʔembe |
|
|
|
195 |
no, not |
kīoki |
|
|
|
195 |
no, not |
oki |
|
|
|
195 |
no, not |
kiʔoki |
|
|
|
195 |
no, not |
kioki |
|
|
|
196 |
to count |
|
|
|
|
197 |
One
|
aso |
|
|
|
197 |
One
|
oaso |
|
|
|
197 |
One
|
oʔaso |
|
|
|
198 |
Two
|
oruu |
|
|
|
198 |
Two
|
ruo |
|
|
|
198 |
Two
|
oruo |
|
|
|
199 |
Three
|
tolu |
|
|
|
199 |
Three
|
otolu |
|
|
|
200 |
Four
|
omba |
|
|
|
200 |
Four
|
oʔomba |
|
|
|
200 |
Four
|
oomba |
|
|
|
201 |
Five
|
limo |
|
|
|
201 |
Five
|
olimo |
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
onoo |
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
ono |
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
oʔono |
|
|
|
202 |
Six
|
oono |
|
|
|
203 |
Seven
|
pitu |
|
|
|
203 |
Seven
|
opitu |
|
|
|
204 |
Eight
|
hoalu |
|
|
|
205 |
Nine
|
sio |
|
|
|
205 |
Nine
|
osio |
|
|
|
206 |
Ten
|
hopulo |
|
|
|
207 |
Twenty
|
ruambulo |
|
|
|
208 |
Fifty
|
|
|
|
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
asoʔetu |
|
|
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
asoetu |
|
|
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
asosoβu |
|
|
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
asoβu |
|
|
|