Language: Proto-Bungku-Tolaki
Source/Author: | David E. Mead |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3: Glottocode: bung1268 |
Notes: | Mead, David E. 1998. Proto-Bungku-Tolaki: Reconstruction of its phonology and aspects of its morphosyntax. Ph.D. dissertation. Houston: Rice University. The ° symbol means that although a final consonant has been reconstructed for the PAN and/or PMP forms, it has not yet been reconstructed in Proto-Bungku-Tolaki due to insufficient evidence. |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Andrew C. Hsiu Checked By: |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Austronesian:MP:Celebic:Eastern:Southeastern:Bungku-Tolaki |
Map | Sorry, no map co-ordinates found for this language. |
Resources:
- Ethnologue/World Atlas of Language Structures Information is not available
- [Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 5 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2021-10-11 05:24:26)
- Changed #198825 from "*tonda° ~ *donta°", "", "", "" (Word 65535) - Simon Greenhill (2016-07-02 17:25:13)
- Updated Language Details - Simon Greenhill (2011-03-09 08:46:34)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | hand | ||||
2 | left | ||||
3 | right | *hanaN | 1 | ||
3 | right | *-anaN | 1 | ||
4 | leg/foot | *karu° | |||
5 | to walk | *limpa° | |||
6 | road/path | *salaN | 1 | ||
7 | to come | *mai | 1 | ||
8 | to turn | ||||
9 | to swim | *(l,n)anguy | 1 | ||
10 | dirty | ||||
11 | dust | *awuQ | |||
12 | skin | *kuliQ | 1 | ||
13 | back | *bungku° | |||
14 | belly | *tiaN | 1 | ||
15 | bone | *wuku | bone, seed | ||
16 | intestines | *kompoN | stomach, intestines | ||
17 | liver | *ate | 1 | ||
18 | breast | *susu | (?) | 1 | |
18 | breast | *uhu | (?) | 1 | |
19 | shoulder | *owaRa | (?) | ||
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | *toqori | |||
21 | to think | *hawa° | |||
22 | to fear | *meeq | afraid | ||
23 | blood | *raRaq | |||
24 | head | *ulu | 1 | ||
25 | neck | ||||
26 | hair | *wuuQ | |||
27 | nose | *enge° | |||
28 | to breathe | *naa | |||
29 | to sniff, smell | ||||
30 | mouth | *ngusu | snout | ||
31 | tooth | *ngisi | 24 | ||
32 | tongue | *elo° | 4 | ||
33 | to laugh | *taa | |||
33 | to laugh | *gele | to laugh, tickle | ||
34 | to cry | ||||
35 | to vomit | ||||
36 | to spit | ||||
37 | to eat | *kaaN | 1 | ||
38 | to chew | *mamak-i | |||
39 | to cook | *nahu | to cook (by boiling) | ||
39 | to cook | *sakaN | to boil, cook | ||
40 | to drink | *inuN | |||
41 | to bite | *kaRa° | |||
41 | to bite | *kiki° | |||
42 | to suck | *sosoQ | (?) | ||
42 | to suck | *osoQ | |||
43 | ear | *biriN | ear, edge | 26 | |
44 | to hear | *rongoR | |||
44 | to hear | *podea° | |||
45 | eye | *mata | 1 | ||
46 | to see | *kita | |||
46 | to see | *ontoN | |||
47 | to yawn | *maa° | |||
48 | to sleep | *turuR | 1 | ||
49 | to lie down | *tinti-ngara° | to lie supine | ||
50 | to dream | *ipi | |||
51 | to sit | *totoro° | |||
52 | to stand | *tade° | |||
53 | person/human being | ||||
54 | man/male | *langkai | great, male | ||
55 | woman/female | *wai | 1 | ||
56 | child | *anaQ | |||
57 | husband | *rapuR | spouse | ||
58 | wife | *rapuR | spouse | ||
59 | mother | ||||
60 | father | ||||
61 | house | *rahaN | |||
62 | thatch/roof | *atoQ | roofing thatch | ||
63 | name | *ngeaN | |||
64 | to say | *tulura° | to speak | ||
65 | rope | *koloro° | |||
65 | rope | *ula° | |||
66 | to tie up, fasten | *boke° | |||
67 | to sew | ||||
68 | needle | *soyuN | |||
69 | to hunt | ||||
70 | to shoot | ||||
71 | to stab, pierce | ||||
72 | to hit | *kona | to hit, to touch | ||
72 | to hit | *tapak-i | to strike with the hand | ||
72 | to hit | *wangku° | to beat, to strike | ||
73 | to steal | ||||
74 | to kill | ||||
75 | to die, be dead | *mate | dead | ||
76 | to live, be alive | *tora | alive | ||
77 | to scratch | *geru° | |||
78 | to cut, hack | *sese° | to cut (through) | ||
78 | to cut, hack | *pole | to fell | ||
78 | to cut, hack | *tueh-i | to cut down | ||
79 | stick/wood | *kayu | wood | ||
80 | to split | *wotaQ | |||
81 | sharp | *tasoN | |||
82 | dull, blunt | ||||
83 | to work | ||||
84 | to plant | *paho° | |||
84 | to plant | *pombula | to plant (in garden) | 1 | |
85 | to choose | ||||
86 | to grow | ||||
87 | to swell | *kambaN | swelling | ||
88 | to squeeze | *asi° | |||
88 | to squeeze | *pio° | squeeze in hand | ||
88 | to squeeze | *pisiQ | squeeze between the fingers | ||
89 | to hold | ||||
90 | to dig | *keke° | |||
91 | to buy | *oli° | |||
92 | to open, uncover | *wawaq | opening | ||
93 | to pound, beat | *tutuk-i | |||
94 | to throw | *rodo° | |||
95 | to fall | *tonda° | |||
95 | to fall | *donta° | |||
96 | dog | *dahu° | |||
97 | bird | ||||
98 | egg | *itoluR | 1 | ||
99 | feather | *wulu | |||
100 | wing | *paniy | |||
101 | to fly | *laloy | |||
101 | to fly | *laa° | |||
102 | rat | ||||
103 | meat/flesh | *ihi | contents, flesh | 31 | |
104 | fat/grease | *tabaq | body fat | ||
105 | tail | *ikuR | |||
106 | snake | *ule | |||
106 | snake | *saa | python | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | ||||
108 | louse | *kutu | |||
109 | mosquito | *buroto° | |||
109 | mosquito | *niniQ | |||
110 | spider | *kangga° | |||
111 | fish | *ikaN | |||
112 | rotten | ||||
113 | branch | *sampaQ | |||
114 | leaf | ||||
115 | root | *hakaQ | |||
116 | flower | *bunga° | |||
116 | flower | *wulele° | |||
117 | fruit | *wuaq | |||
118 | grass | ||||
119 | earth/soil | *w(i,u)taq | |||
120 | stone | *watu | |||
121 | sand | *one | |||
122 | water | *iwoi° | |||
123 | to flow | *waaq | |||
124 | sea | *tahiQ | |||
125 | salt | *ohia | |||
126 | lake | *rano | |||
127 | woods/forest | *inalahi | |||
127 | woods/forest | *toqolo° | |||
128 | sky | ||||
129 | moon | *wulaN | |||
130 | star | ||||
131 | cloud | *seruN | |||
131 | cloud | *kundoN | rain cloud | ||
132 | fog | *gawu | |||
133 | rain | *usaN | |||
134 | thunder | ||||
135 | lightning | *kilaQ | |||
136 | wind | *pua° | |||
137 | to blow | *puur-i | |||
138 | warm | *kulaQ | hot | ||
139 | cold | *riniN | cold (as of water) | ||
140 | dry | *tuquR | |||
141 | wet | *bahoq | |||
141 | wet | *bonto° | |||
142 | heavy | *beaQ | |||
142 | heavy | *tondu° | |||
143 | fire | *apuy | |||
144 | to burn | *hai | |||
144 | to burn | *-ai | |||
144 | to burn | *hunuR | |||
145 | smoke | *ahu | |||
146 | ash | *awu | |||
147 | black | *itoN | |||
148 | white | *pute | |||
149 | red | *meaq | |||
150 | yellow | *kuni° | |||
151 | green | *uso | |||
152 | small | *hiwu° | |||
153 | big | *owose° | big, large | ||
154 | short | *putu° | |||
155 | long | *taa° | |||
156 | thin | *nipiQ | |||
157 | thick | *kapa° | |||
157 | thick | *balo° | fat, thick | ||
158 | narrow | ||||
159 | wide | *lua° | |||
160 | painful, sick | *hakiQ | |||
161 | shy, ashamed | ||||
162 | old | *tuqa | |||
163 | new | *sarai° | |||
163 | new | *tonia° | new, young | ||
164 | good | *moiko° | good, appealing | ||
165 | bad, evil | *saqaQ | bad, ugly | 1 | |
165 | bad, evil | *saqoQ | bad, ugly | ||
166 | correct, true | *tuqu | true, real | ||
166 | correct, true | *kona | true, right | ||
167 | night | *w(i,o)ngi° | |||
168 | day | *oleo | |||
169 | year | *taquN | |||
170 | when? | *in-ipiaN | past | ||
170 | when? | *te-ipiaN | future | ||
171 | to hide | *wuni | |||
172 | to climb | *pone° | to ascend, to climb (as a tree) | ||
173 | at | *ri | |||
174 | in, inside | *laroN | |||
174 | in, inside | *unoy | inside | ||
175 | above | *wawo | above, upper portion/surface | ||
176 | below | ||||
177 | this | ||||
178 | that | ||||
179 | near | ||||
180 | far | *olai° | |||
181 | where? | ||||
182 | I | *ku | |||
183 | thou | *u | |||
184 | he/she | *i | |||
185 | we | *to | inclusive | ||
185 | we | *ki | exclusive | ||
186 | you | *mi | |||
187 | they | *ro | |||
188 | what? | *hapa | |||
189 | who? | ||||
190 | other | ||||
191 | all | ||||
192 | and | ||||
193 | if | ||||
194 | how? | ||||
195 | no, not | ||||
196 | to count | *doa° | |||
197 | One | *asa | both independent and bound | 1 | |
197 | One | *ho | special form occurring only with *puluq 'ten' | ||
198 | Two | *o-rua | independent numeral | ||
198 | Two | *rua | bound numeral | ||
199 | Three | *o-tolu | independent numeral | ||
199 | Three | *tolu | bound numeral | ||
200 | Four | *o-o(m)paQ | independent numeral | ||
200 | Four | *pato | bound numeral | ||
201 | Five | *o-lima | independent numeral | ||
201 | Five | *lima | bound numeral | ||
202 | Six | *o-onoN | independent numeral | ||
202 | Six | *nomo | bound numeral | ||
203 | Seven | *o-pitu | independent numeral | ||
203 | Seven | *pitu | bound numeral | ||
204 | Eight | *hoalu | independent numeral | ||
204 | Eight | *halu | bound numeral | ||
205 | Nine | *o-sio | independent numeral | 5 | |
205 | Nine | *sio | bound numeral | 5 | |
206 | Ten | *puluq | |||
207 | Twenty | ||||
208 | Fifty | ||||
209 | One Hundred | *etu° | |||
210 | One Thousand | *sowu |