Language: Malay (Bahasa Indonesia)
Source/Author: | R. Blust, from Echols & Shadily | |
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Identifiers: | ISO-639-3:ind Glottocode: indo1316 | |
Notes: | Echols, J M. & Shadily, H. (1989). An Indonesian-English Dictionary. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 3rd edition. SA: "Sanskrit" stands for loanwords from any period between Classical Sanskrit and Middle Indian | |
Data Entry: | Typed By: Debasish Roy Checked By: Simon Greenhill + Sander Adelaar | |
Statistics: |
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Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Malayo-Chamic:Malayic:Malay | |
Map |
Resources:
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Indonesian
- ABVD: Alternate Wordlist for Malay
- Ethnologue Information for ind
- OLAC Information for ind
- World Atlas of Language Structures Information for iir
- Online Malay-English Dictionary
- [Suggest a resource]
Change History:
Showing 3 of 319 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed "checkedby" from "Simon Greenhill" - sander (2017-08-30 16:50:58)
- Changed #284 from "leuŋeun", "", "19", "" (Word 284) - sander (2017-08-30 16:28:35)
- Changed #641 from "kenca", "Javanese loan", "", "L" (Word 641) - sander (2017-08-30 16:28:35)
Entries:
ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | hand | tangan | 18 | ||
2 | left | kiri | 1, 42 | ||
3 | right | kanan | 1, 73 | ||
4 | leg/foot | kaki | 1 | ||
5 | to walk | berjalan | 21 | ||
6 | road/path | jalan | 1 | ||
6 | road/path | jalanan | X | 1 | |
7 | to come | datang | 14 | ||
8 | to turn | bélok | to turn (halfway, 90 degrees) | 24 | |
8 | to turn | berputar | X to turn (completely, 180 degrees) | ||
9 | to swim | berenang | 23 | ||
10 | dirty | kotor | 31 | ||
11 | dust | debu | 58 | ||
12 | skin | kulit | 1 | ||
13 | back | punggung | 24 | ||
14 | belly | perut | 32 | ||
15 | bone | tulang | 1 | ||
16 | intestines | usus | < Javanese | 24 | L |
17 | liver | hati | 1 | ||
18 | breast | susu | 1. woman's breasts, 2. milk [more often the latter, although originally it meant the former] | 1 | |
18 | breast | dada | X "breast, chest" - not gender-specific | 12 | |
19 | shoulder | bahu | < Sanskrit | 17 | L |
20 | to know, be knowledgeable | tahu | 1 | ||
21 | to think | berfikir | < Arabic | 22 | L |
22 | to fear | takut | 1 | ||
23 | blood | darah | 1 | ||
24 | head | kepala | < Sanskrit | 45 | L |
25 | neck | léhér | 1 | ||
26 | hair | rambut | 20 | ||
27 | nose | hidung | 1 | ||
28 | to breathe | bernapas | < Arabic | 29 | L |
29 | to sniff, smell | mencium | "to kiss; smell" | 30 | |
29 | to sniff, smell | menghidu | X not common: = Minangkabau? | ||
30 | mouth | mulut | 27 | ||
31 | tooth | gigi | 17 | ||
32 | tongue | lidah | metathesis | 4, 31 | |
33 | to laugh | tertawa | 1 | ||
34 | to cry | menangis | 1 | ||
35 | to vomit | muntah | 1 | ||
36 | to spit | meludah | 1 | ||
37 | to eat | makan | 1 | ||
38 | to chew | mengunyah | 16 | ||
39 | to cook | memasak | 19 | ||
39 | to cook | menanak | to cook (rice only) | 1 | |
40 | to drink | minum | 1 | ||
41 | to bite | gigit | 21 | ||
42 | to suck | mengisap | 1 | ||
43 | ear | telinga | 1 | ||
44 | to hear | mendengar | 1 | ||
45 | eye | mata | 1 | ||
46 | to see | melihat | 23 | ||
47 | to yawn | menguap | [<kuap] | 19 | |
48 | to sleep | tidur | 1, 70 | ||
49 | to lie down | berbaring | 28 | ||
50 | to dream | bermimpi | 1, 37 | ||
51 | to sit | duduk | 35 | ||
52 | to stand | berdiri | 1 | ||
53 | person/human being | orang | 20 | ||
54 | man/male | laki-laki | 2 | ||
55 | woman/female | perempuan | 29 | ||
56 | child | anak | 1 | ||
57 | husband | suami | < Sanskrit | 42 | L |
58 | wife | isteri | Sanskrit strī 'woman; wife; female' | 33 | L |
59 | mother | ibu | 12 | ||
60 | father | bapak | *b-apa-k, ult. < Dravidian | 5 | L |
61 | house | rumah | 1 | ||
62 | thatch/roof | atap | 1 | ||
63 | name | nama | Sanskrit nāma (nāman) 'name' | 12 | L |
64 | to say | berkata | < Sanskrit | L | |
65 | rope | tali | 1 | ||
66 | to tie up, fasten | mengikat | 1 | ||
67 | to sew | menjahit | 2 | ||
68 | needle | jarum | 1 | ||
69 | to hunt | berburu | 23 | ||
70 | to shoot | menémbak | 49 | ||
70 | to shoot | memanah | To shoot with bow | 1 | |
71 | to stab, pierce | menikam | 31 | ||
71 | to stab, pierce | menusuk | 1 | ||
72 | to hit | memukul | 27 | ||
72 | to hit | memalu | to hit (with a hammer) | 1 | |
73 | to steal | mencuri | < Indian languages | 19 | L |
74 | to kill | membunuh | 1 | ||
75 | to die, be dead | mati | 1 | ||
76 | to live, be alive | hidup | 1, 82 | ||
77 | to scratch | menggaruk | to scratch (an itch) | 20 | |
77 | to scratch | mencakar | to scratch (for the purpose of hurting) | 54 | |
78 | to cut, hack | memotong | cut | 41 | |
78 | to cut, hack | menetak | hack | 3 | |
79 | stick/wood | kayu | 1 | ||
80 | to split | membelah | 1 | ||
81 | sharp | tajam | 1 | ||
82 | dull, blunt | tumpul | 3 | ||
83 | to work | bekerja | < Sanskrit | 23 | L |
84 | to plant | menanam | 2 | ||
85 | to choose | memilih | 1 | ||
86 | to grow | tumbuh | 1 | ||
87 | to swell | membengkak | 19 | ||
88 | to squeeze | memeras | 42 | ||
89 | to hold | menggenggam | 1 | ||
90 | to dig | menggali | 1, 35 | ||
91 | to buy | membeli | 1 | ||
92 | to open, uncover | membuka | 1 | ||
93 | to pound, beat | memukul | to beat, hit, strike [bell, drum, dog, etc.] | 13 | |
93 | to pound, beat | menumbuk | to pound [e.g. to unhusk rice] | 9 | |
94 | to throw | melémparkan | 44 | ||
95 | to fall | jatuh | 38 | ||
96 | dog | anjing | 27 | ||
97 | bird | burung | 17 | ||
98 | egg | telur | 1 | ||
99 | feather | bulu | 1 | ||
100 | wing | sayap | 26 | ||
101 | to fly | terbang | 18 | ||
102 | rat | tikus | 22 | ||
103 | meat/flesh | daging | 26 | ||
104 | fat/grease | lemak | 24 | ||
105 | tail | ékor | 1 | ||
106 | snake | ular | 2 | ||
107 | worm (earthworm) | cacing | 23 | ||
108 | louse | kutu | 1 | ||
109 | mosquito | nyamuk | 1 | ||
110 | spider | laba-laba | 1 | ||
111 | fish | ikan | 1 | ||
112 | rotten | busuk | 56 | ||
113 | branch | dahan | 1 | ||
114 | leaf | daun | 1 | ||
115 | root | akar | 2 | ||
116 | flower | bunga | 1 | ||
117 | fruit | buah-buahan | X "fruits (the category, in general)" | 1 | |
117 | fruit | buah | fruit | 1 | |
117 | fruit | sebiji buah | X "a piece of fruit" | 1 | |
118 | grass | rumput | 27 | ||
119 | earth/soil | tanah | 1 | ||
120 | stone | batu | 1 | ||
121 | sand | pasir | 18 | ||
122 | water | air | 2 | ||
123 | to flow | mengalir | 1 | ||
124 | sea | laut | 6 | ||
125 | salt | garam | orig. "garam sira" 'grain of salt' | 18 | |
126 | lake | danau | 1 | ||
127 | woods/forest | hutan | 7 | ||
128 | sky | langit | 1 | ||
129 | moon | bulan | 1 | ||
130 | star | bintang | 1 | ||
131 | cloud | awan | 1 | ||
132 | fog | kabut | 1 | ||
133 | rain | hujan | 1 | ||
134 | thunder | guntur | 30 | ||
135 | lightning | kilat | 1 | ||
136 | wind | angin | 1 | ||
137 | to blow | bertiup | the wind blows (< *t(V)- + *Seiup) | 1, 19 | |
137 | to blow | meniup | a person blows (something) | 1, 19 | |
138 | warm | panas | hot | 1 | |
138 | warm | haŋat | warm | 112 | |
139 | cold | dingin | 1 | ||
140 | dry | kering | 22 | ||
141 | wet | basah | 1 | ||
142 | heavy | berat | 1 | ||
143 | fire | api | 1 | ||
144 | to burn | membakar | 25 | ||
145 | smoke | asap | 49 | ||
146 | ash | abu | 1 | ||
147 | black | hitam | 1 | ||
148 | white | putih | 1 | ||
149 | red | mérah | 1 | ||
150 | yellow | kuning | 1 | ||
151 | green | hijau | 25 | ||
152 | small | kecil | 28 | ||
153 | big | besar | 28 | ||
153 | big | raya | big, but limited in use like Indonesia raya, jalan raya (boulevard/big road), hari raya (holiday/big day), jagat raya (universe), etc | 1 | |
154 | short | péndék | 68 | ||
155 | long | panjang | 24 | ||
156 | thin | tipis | 1, 44 | ||
157 | thick | tebal | 26 | ||
158 | narrow | sempit | 68 | ||
159 | wide | lébar | 48 | ||
160 | painful, sick | sakit | 1 | ||
161 | shy, ashamed | malu | 20 | ||
162 | old | tua | old (for people) | 1 | |
162 | old | lama | X old (for things) | x | |
163 | new | baru | 1 | ||
164 | good | baik | for people | 33 | |
164 | good | bagus | for things | 31 | |
165 | bad, evil | jahat | 1 | ||
166 | correct, true | benar | 1 | ||
167 | night | malam | 20 | ||
168 | day | hari | 17 | ||
169 | year | tahun | 1 | ||
170 | when? | kapan | Indonesian only, < Javanese | 12 | L |
170 | when? | bila | 13 | ||
171 | to hide | bersembunyi | 1 | ||
172 | to climb | naik | 1. ascend [person on stairs, balloon in air, bubble in water], 2. mount/ride [a horse, carriage, car, train, airplane] | 1 | |
172 | to climb | memanjat | to climb [up a tree] | 56 | |
172 | to climb | mendaki | to climb [up a slope, a mountain] | 34 | |
173 | at | di | 20 | ||
174 | in, inside | [di] dalam | 1 | ||
175 | above | [di] atas | 1 | ||
176 | below | di bawah | 1 | ||
177 | this | ini | 1 | ||
178 | that | itu | 16 | ||
179 | near | dekat | 28 | ||
180 | far | jauh | 1 | ||
181 | where? | dimana | 20 | ||
182 | I | saya | (formal) lit. (your) servant, < Sanskrit | L | |
182 | I | aku | (informal) | 1 | |
183 | thou | kamu | 10 | ||
183 | thou | eŋkau | 1 | ||
184 | he/she | beliau | he/she (respectful) | ||
184 | he/she | [d]ia | 18 | ||
185 | we | kita | 1 | ||
185 | we | kami | 2 | ||
186 | you | kalian | Indonesian only (lit. (you) all') | ||
186 | you | anda | |||
187 | they | meréka | < (Old) Javanese marika, a demonstrative pronoun (SA) | 16 | L |
188 | what? | apa | 1 | ||
189 | who? | siapa | 12 | ||
190 | other | lain | 2 | ||
191 | all | semua | < Sanskrit | 33 | L |
192 | and | dan | 18 | ||
193 | if | kalau | Sanskrit jaka + Arabic law 'if' | 14 | L |
194 | how? | bagaimana | 23 | ||
195 | no, not | tidak | < *tey 'not' + *ada 'there is) + end glottal stop | 68, 109 | |
196 | to count | menghitung | 31 | ||
197 | One | esa | 'one' (only used to express the oneness of God) | 1 | |
197 | One | satu | 1, 16 | ||
198 | Two | dua | 1 | ||
199 | Three | tiga | 8 | ||
200 | Four | empat | 1 | ||
201 | Five | lima | 1 | ||
202 | Six | enam | 1 | ||
203 | Seven | tujuh | 4 | ||
204 | Eight | delapan | 4 | ||
205 | Nine | sembilan | 10 | ||
206 | Ten | sepuluh | 5 | ||
207 | Twenty | dua puluh | 3, 6 | ||
208 | Fifty | lima puluh | 1, 2 | ||
209 | One Hundred | seratus | 4 | ||
210 | One Thousand | seribu | 5 |