Language: To'ambaita
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 187 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Changed #22000 from "ɵao-thatch",
"thatch", "1",
"" (Word 22000) - Bethwyn Evans (2015-05-29 08:55:13)
- Changed from "f" (Word 82) - Simon Greenhill (2009-08-12 09:51:37)
- Tryon and Hackman (Word 1) - Simon Greenhill (2008-09-30 03:08:06)
Entries:
ID: |
Word: |
Item: |
Annotation: |
Cognacy: |
Loan: |
1 |
hand |
ʔamba |
|
2 |
|
1 |
hand |
amba-na |
arm |
2 |
|
2 |
left |
mauli |
irregular reflex of *w |
1, 59 |
|
3 |
right |
aʔola |
|
10 |
|
3 |
right |
ʔaʔɔla |
right |
10 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
ʔae |
irregular *q > ʔ |
1 |
|
4 |
leg/foot |
ʔae-na |
leg; irregular *q > ʔ |
1 |
|
5 |
to walk |
lae |
|
1, 90 |
|
5 |
to walk |
fali |
walk |
10 |
|
5 |
to walk |
sifɔ |
go down |
|
|
5 |
to walk |
taʔe |
go up |
|
|
6 |
road/path |
tala |
|
1 |
|
7 |
to come |
lae mai |
|
1, 87 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
aambula |
irregular *o > a |
32 |
|
8 |
to turn
|
ambula |
turn; irregular *o > a |
32 |
|
9 |
to swim |
siisiu |
|
12 |
|
9 |
to swim |
sisiu |
bathe |
12 |
|
9 |
to swim |
araŋa |
swim |
48 |
|
10 |
dirty |
biliʔa |
|
13 |
|
10 |
dirty |
bilia |
dirty |
13 |
|
11 |
dust |
naan|afu |
|
1 |
|
11 |
dust |
ŋgɛŋgeo |
dust |
|
|
11 |
dust |
θasu |
dust |
41 |
|
12 |
skin |
puŋa |
|
|
|
12 |
skin |
uŋa-na |
skin |
9 |
|
13 |
back
|
suli |
|
78 |
|
13 |
back
|
suli-na |
back |
78 |
|
14 |
belly |
rake |
|
16 |
|
14 |
belly |
rake-na |
belly |
16 |
|
15 |
bone |
ʔoŋgi |
|
41 |
|
15 |
bone |
ɔki-na |
bone |
41 |
|
16 |
intestines |
ooŋga |
|
16 |
|
16 |
intestines |
ɔŋga-na |
guts |
16 |
|
17 |
liver |
ɵae|fau |
|
1 |
|
17 |
liver |
ϑaesau-na |
liver |
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
susu |
|
1 |
|
18 |
breast |
susu-na |
breast |
1 |
|
19 |
shoulder |
gwauna |
head |
65 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
ɵaitaʔomana |
irregular *a > i; irregular addition of syllable with glottal |
35, 88 |
|
20 |
to know, be knowledgeable |
ϑaitɔʔɔmana |
know; irregular *a > i; irregular addition of syllable with glottal |
35, 88 |
|
21 |
to think |
manata |
|
15 |
|
22 |
to fear |
maʔu |
|
1 |
|
22 |
to fear |
ʔaʔanu |
fear |
|
|
22 |
to fear |
maʔu |
fear |
1 |
|
23 |
blood |
ʔambu |
|
5 |
|
23 |
blood |
ʔambu-na |
blood |
5 |
|
24 |
head |
gwau |
|
9 |
|
24 |
head |
gwau-na |
head |
9 |
|
25 |
neck |
lua |
|
18 |
|
25 |
neck |
lua-na |
neck |
18 |
|
26 |
hair
|
iifu |
|
13 |
|
26 |
hair
|
rurumua-na |
hair (body) |
|
|
27 |
nose |
gwal|usu |
|
1, 12 |
|
27 |
nose |
ŋgwalusu-na |
nose |
1, 12 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
ʔasimaŋo |
|
47, 64 |
|
28 |
to breathe |
asimaŋɔ |
breathe |
47, 64 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
toʔana |
|
100 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
makwa |
irregular *k > kw |
13 |
|
29 |
to sniff, smell |
makwatɔʔɔna |
smell |
13, 100 |
|
30 |
mouth |
foko |
|
43 |
|
30 |
mouth |
fɔkɔ-na |
mouth |
43 |
|
31 |
tooth |
lifo |
|
1, 35 |
|
31 |
tooth |
lifɔ-na |
tooth |
1, 35 |
|
32 |
tongue |
mea |
|
7 |
|
32 |
tongue |
mea-na |
tongue |
7 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
mwaela |
|
12 |
|
33 |
to laugh |
waela |
|
12 |
|
34 |
to cry |
aaŋi |
|
1 |
|
34 |
to cry |
aŋi |
cry |
1 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
moa |
irregular *u > o |
1 |
|
35 |
to vomit |
mɔmɔa |
vomit; irregular *u > o |
1 |
|
36 |
to spit |
nisu |
|
14, 58 |
|
36 |
to spit |
ŋisu |
spit |
14, 58 |
|
37 |
to eat |
faŋa |
< *pangan |
1, 53 |
|
38 |
to chew
|
damu |
|
34 |
|
39 |
to cook
|
naʔare |
cf. 144 |
|
|
40 |
to drink |
kuʔu |
|
30 |
|
40 |
to drink |
kuʔu |
drink |
30 |
|
41 |
to bite |
ʔala |
|
1 |
|
41 |
to bite |
ʔala |
bite |
1 |
|
42 |
to suck |
notofia |
|
1, 28 |
|
42 |
to suck |
nɔtɔfia |
suck |
1, 28 |
|
43 |
ear |
aaliŋa |
irregular *a > aa |
1 |
|
43 |
ear |
aliŋa-na |
ear |
1 |
|
44 |
to hear |
roŋo |
|
1 |
|
44 |
to hear |
rɔŋɔ |
hear |
1 |
|
45 |
eye |
maa |
|
1 |
|
45 |
eye |
mā-na |
eye |
1 |
|
46 |
to see |
rikia |
|
13 |
|
47 |
to yawn |
mamukwee |
|
19 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
biiŋa |
|
80 |
|
48 |
to sleep |
mbīŋa |
sleep |
80 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
teo |
|
9 |
|
49 |
to lie down
|
teɔ |
lie down |
9 |
|
50 |
to dream |
moʔosu bole |
|
14, 10 |
|
51 |
to sit |
ʔono |
|
68 |
|
51 |
to sit |
ɔnɔ |
sit |
68 |
|
52 |
to stand |
takwe |
|
9 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
iimole |
|
7 |
|
53 |
person/human being |
imɔle |
person |
7 |
|
54 |
man/male |
wane |
|
1 |
|
54 |
man/male |
ŋwane |
man |
1 |
|
55 |
woman/female |
kini |
irregular *e > i |
8 |
|
56 |
child |
wela |
|
8 |
|
56 |
child |
ŋwela |
child |
8 |
|
57 |
husband |
aaraʔi |
|
20 |
|
58 |
wife |
kukeʔe |
|
|
|
59 |
mother |
ɵa|ina |
irregular initial syllable |
1 |
|
59 |
mother |
Өaina-na |
mother; irregular initial syllable |
1 |
|
60 |
father |
maka |
|
1, 67 |
|
61 |
house |
luma |
|
1 |
|
61 |
house |
mbiʔu |
house |
34 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
ɵao |
thatch |
1 |
|
62 |
thatch/roof |
fafɔ-na biʔu |
thatch |
38 |
|
63 |
name |
ɵata |
|
1, 18 |
|
63 |
name |
Өata-na |
name |
1, 18 |
|
64 |
to say |
soreʔa |
|
89 |
|
64 |
to say |
sɔrea |
say |
89 |
|
65 |
rope |
ʔoko |
|
12 |
|
65 |
rope |
ɔkɔ |
rope |
12 |
|
66 |
to tie up, fasten |
kania |
|
19 |
|
67 |
to sew
|
raʔoa |
|
|
|
67 |
to sew
|
taia |
sew |
2 |
|
68 |
needle |
ʔoŋgila |
loan too? |
|
L |
69 |
to hunt
|
toʔi |
|
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
kɔϑɔ |
hunt |
|
|
69 |
to hunt
|
laetakui |
hunt |
|
|
70 |
to shoot
|
basi |
|
|
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
lambua |
|
56 |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
ɔtɔa |
stab |
55 |
|
71 |
to stab, pierce |
labua |
stab |
56 |
|
72 |
to hit
|
kumua |
|
|
|
72 |
to hit
|
kwaea |
hit (stick) |
16 |
|
73 |
to steal |
bili |
|
12, 48 |
|
73 |
to steal |
mbilia |
steal |
12, 48 |
|
74 |
to kill |
ɵauŋia |
|
18 |
|
74 |
to kill |
ϑauŋia |
kill |
18 |
|
75 |
to die, be dead |
mae |
|
1 |
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
maruki |
|
|
|
76 |
to live, be alive |
marukia |
alive |
|
|
77 |
to scratch
|
kamea |
|
14 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
kasia |
|
63 |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
kenu |
cut nut |
X |
|
78 |
to cut, hack
|
sigilia |
cut (string) |
89 |
|
79 |
stick/wood |
ʔai |
|
1 |
|
80 |
to split
|
kwaʔea |
|
32 |
|
80 |
to split
|
fɔŋgea |
split |
54 |
|
81 |
sharp |
ŋari |
|
70 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
foo |
|
35 |
|
82 |
dull, blunt |
fo |
blunt |
35 |
|
83 |
to work
|
raa |
|
14 |
|
83 |
to work
|
raɔa |
work |
14 |
|
84 |
to plant |
fasia |
|
12 |
|
85 |
to choose |
filia |
|
1 |
|
86 |
to grow
|
taʔe |
|
|
|
87 |
to swell
|
uumbu |
|
12 |
|
87 |
to swell
|
ūmbu |
swell |
12 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
ŋiloa |
|
53 |
|
88 |
to squeeze
|
ŋilɔa |
squeeze |
53 |
|
89 |
to hold
|
raʔua |
|
76 |
|
89 |
to hold
|
raʔu |
hold |
76 |
|
90 |
to dig |
ʔili |
|
1 |
|
90 |
to dig |
ʔilia |
dig |
1 |
|
91 |
to buy |
ʔuusia |
|
14 |
|
92 |
to open, uncover |
ʔifinia |
|
15 |
|
93 |
to pound, beat
|
ɵauŋia |
|
4 |
|
94 |
to throw
|
ʔuu |
|
15 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
ʔasia |
|
18 |
|
95 |
to fall
|
asia |
fall |
18 |
|
96 |
dog |
kui |
|
7 |
|
96 |
dog |
kuri |
dog |
|
|
97 |
bird |
manu |
|
1 |
|
97 |
bird |
ϑaʔarɔ |
bird |
36 |
|
98 |
egg |
ɵaaluʔi |
|
1 |
|
98 |
egg |
falake-na |
egg |
9 |
|
99 |
feather |
iifu |
|
7 |
|
99 |
feather |
ifu-na |
feather |
7 |
|
100 |
wing |
ʔaʔambara |
|
1, 12 |
|
100 |
wing |
kukuba-na |
wing |
47 |
|
101 |
to fly |
lofo |
|
1 |
|
101 |
to fly |
lɔfɔ |
fly |
1 |
|
101 |
to fly |
laŋɔ |
fly (insect!) |
x |
|
102 |
rat |
ʔasufa |
irregular *e > a |
3 |
|
102 |
rat |
ʔasufa |
rat; irregular *e > a |
3 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
siina |
|
18 |
|
103 |
meat/flesh |
marikɔ-na |
meat/flesh |
52 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
niiniu |
|
16 |
|
104 |
fat/grease |
raraŋa-na |
fat/grease |
52 |
|
105 |
tail |
kiikiʔu |
|
1, 55 |
|
105 |
tail |
kikiʔu-na |
tail |
1, 58 |
|
106 |
snake |
loi |
|
15 |
|
106 |
snake |
lɔi |
snake |
15 |
|
107 |
worm (earthworm) |
mwaa/waa |
|
10 |
|
108 |
louse
|
ʔuu |
|
1 |
|
108 |
louse
|
ʔū |
louse |
1 |
|
108 |
louse
|
lita |
louse egg |
x20 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
kuukulaŋo |
|
61 |
|
109 |
mosquito |
kukulaŋɔ |
mosquito |
61 |
|
110 |
spider |
fuufuʔu |
|
10 |
|
110 |
spider |
fufuʔu |
spider |
10 |
|
111 |
fish |
iʔa |
|
1 |
|
111 |
fish |
īʔa |
fish |
1 |
|
112 |
rotten
|
fura |
|
18 |
|
113 |
branch
|
ɵaarana |
|
1, 17 |
|
113 |
branch
|
ϑara naʔai |
branch |
1, 17 |
|
114 |
leaf |
reena |
|
|
|
114 |
leaf |
rea-na |
leaf |
|
|
115 |
root |
laila |
irregular |
16 |
|
115 |
root |
lali-na |
root |
16 |
|
116 |
flower |
taŋgana |
|
12 |
|
116 |
flower |
taŋga-na |
flower |
12 |
|
117 |
fruit |
foana |
|
1 |
|
117 |
fruit |
fɔa-na |
fruit |
1 |
|
118 |
grass |
lolo |
|
62 |
|
118 |
grass |
lɔlɔ |
grass |
62 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
ɵaʔeŋgano |
|
52 |
|
119 |
earth/soil |
ŋganɔ |
earth |
52 |
|
120 |
stone |
fau |
|
1 |
|
121 |
sand |
ɔɔne |
|
1 |
|
121 |
sand |
ɔne |
sand |
1 |
|
122 |
water
|
kafo |
|
5 |
|
122 |
water
|
kafɔ |
water |
5 |
|
123 |
to flow |
iiŋgwa |
|
34 |
|
123 |
to flow |
igwa |
flow |
34 |
|
124 |
sea |
ʔamali |
|
49 |
|
124 |
sea |
amali |
sea |
49 |
|
124 |
sea |
asi |
sea |
1 |
|
125 |
salt |
ʔamali |
|
|
|
126 |
lake |
rondo |
|
|
|
127 |
woods/forest |
masuʔu |
|
21 |
|
127 |
woods/forest |
masū |
bush |
21 |
|
128 |
sky |
ɵalo |
|
13 |
|
128 |
sky |
mamaŋā |
sky |
47 |
|
128 |
sky |
θalɔ |
sky |
13 |
|
129 |
moon |
mandami |
irregular *a > i |
7 |
|
129 |
moon |
sinali |
moon |
37 |
|
130 |
star |
bubulu |
|
14 |
|
130 |
star |
mbumbulu |
star |
14 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
daɵa |
|
64 |
|
131 |
cloud
|
ndaθa |
cloud |
64 |
|
132 |
fog |
daɵasusu |
|
|
|
132 |
fog |
ndaθa |
fog |
45 |
|
133 |
rain |
dani |
|
43 |
|
133 |
rain |
ndani |
rain |
43 |
|
133 |
rain |
uta |
rain |
1 |
|
134 |
thunder |
kuu|kuruu |
|
2, 63 |
|
134 |
thunder |
kukurua |
thunder |
2, 63 |
|
135 |
lightning |
maanu |
|
47 |
|
135 |
lightning |
mānu |
lightning |
47 |
|
136 |
wind |
ɵauɵau |
|
58 |
|
136 |
wind |
θauθau |
wind |
58 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
ʔufu |
|
4, 57 |
|
137 |
to blow
|
ufu |
blow |
4, 57 |
|
138 |
warm
|
ʔaaʔako |
|
13 |
|
138 |
warm
|
aʔakɔ |
warm |
13 |
|
139 |
cold
|
ŋgwaŋgwarila |
|
13 |
|
139 |
cold
|
ŋgwaŋgwari |
cold |
13 |
|
140 |
dry
|
raaraŋeʔa |
|
49 |
|
140 |
dry
|
raraŋea |
dry |
49 |
|
141 |
wet |
ŋgwiŋa |
|
46 |
|
141 |
wet |
ŋgwini |
wet |
46 |
|
142 |
heavy |
kuluʔa |
|
11 |
|
142 |
heavy |
kulua |
heavy |
11 |
|
143 |
fire |
eera |
|
7 |
|
143 |
fire |
ɛra |
fire |
7 |
|
144 |
to burn
|
naʔarea |
[cf 39] |
|
|
144 |
to burn
|
naʔare |
burn |
|
|
145 |
smoke
|
ɵasu |
|
2 |
|
145 |
smoke
|
θasu |
smoke |
2 |
|
146 |
ash |
fuʔa |
|
11 |
|
146 |
ash |
nanaɔ |
ashes |
46 |
|
146 |
ash |
fua |
ashes |
11 |
|
147 |
black |
mboomboraʔa |
|
67 |
|
147 |
black |
bubuluʔa |
black |
10 |
|
148 |
white |
kwaakwaoʔa |
|
16, 71 |
|
148 |
white |
kwakwaoa |
white |
16, 71 |
|
149 |
red |
meemenaʔa |
|
|
|
149 |
red |
ʔaʔabua |
red |
47 |
|
150 |
yellow |
kookoaʔa |
|
15 |
|
150 |
yellow |
kɔkɔaʔa |
yellow |
15 |
|
151 |
green |
marakwa |
|
13 |
|
151 |
green |
mamarakwā |
green |
13 |
|
152 |
small |
faʔekwa |
|
59 |
|
152 |
small |
faʔekwa |
small |
59 |
|
153 |
big |
baʔita |
|
15 |
|
153 |
big |
mbaita |
big; irregular loss of glottal stop |
15 |
|
154 |
short
|
kuukuru |
|
13 |
|
154 |
short
|
ŋuŋuru |
short |
|
|
155 |
long
|
tekwa |
|
15 |
|
155 |
long
|
tɛkwa |
long |
15 |
|
156 |
thin
|
gaaŋgaroʔa |
|
|
|
156 |
thin
|
refɔa |
thin |
|
|
157 |
thick
|
buloʔa |
|
50 |
|
157 |
thick
|
bulɔa |
thick |
50 |
|
158 |
narrow |
sisi|kofi |
|
15, 1 |
|
159 |
wide |
reerembaʔa |
irregular *a > e |
48 |
|
160 |
painful, sick |
fii |
|
16 |
|
160 |
painful, sick |
mataʔi |
|
1 |
|
160 |
painful, sick |
matai |
sick |
1 |
|
161 |
shy, ashamed |
seʔenoni |
|
|
|
162 |
old
|
aaraʔi |
|
98 |
|
162 |
old
|
kuukeʔe |
|
86 |
|
162 |
old
|
arai |
old (person) |
98 |
|
162 |
old
|
kwali |
old (thing) |
x |
|
163 |
new |
faalu |
|
1 |
|
163 |
new |
fālu |
new |
1 |
|
164 |
good |
leʔa |
|
20 |
|
164 |
good |
leʔa |
good |
20 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
taʔaa |
|
1 |
|
165 |
bad, evil |
taʔā |
bad |
1 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
mamana |
|
14 |
|
166 |
correct, true |
kɔkɔtɔ |
correct |
13 |
|
167 |
night |
rondo |
|
11 |
|
167 |
night |
rɔndɔ |
night |
11 |
|
168 |
day |
ɵato |
|
1, 54 |
|
168 |
day |
faθatɔ |
day |
1, 54 |
|
168 |
day |
ndani |
day |
6 |
|
169 |
year |
ŋali |
|
55 |
|
169 |
year |
fa nali |
year |
55 |
|
170 |
when?
|
kanda taa |
|
|
|
170 |
when?
|
maŋatā |
when? |
37 |
|
170 |
when?
|
aŋita |
when? |
1, 41 |
|
171 |
to hide
|
aaŋgwa |
[time what] |
8 |
|
172 |
to climb
|
raʔa |
|
10 |
|
173 |
at |
ʔisana |
|
|
|
173 |
at |
i |
at |
1 |
|
174 |
in, inside |
ʔilaa |
beside |
|
|
174 |
in, inside |
ilala |
in |
1 |
|
175 |
above |
fafo|na |
|
2 |
|
176 |
below |
ʔoolofana |
|
62 |
|
176 |
below |
fara |
below |
58 |
|
177 |
this |
neʔe |
|
1 |
|
177 |
this |
neʔe |
this |
1 |
|
177 |
this |
ne |
this |
1 |
|
178 |
that |
ʔena |
|
1 |
|
178 |
that |
labaa |
|
|
|
179 |
near |
karaŋi |
|
1, 75 |
|
180 |
far |
daa |
|
|
|
180 |
far |
tau |
far |
1 |
|
181 |
where?
|
fei |
|
3 |
|
181 |
where?
|
ifai |
where? |
3 |
|
182 |
I |
nau |
|
1, 22 |
|
183 |
thou |
ʔoe |
|
1 |
|
183 |
thou |
ʔoe |
you (2sg) |
s |
|
184 |
he/she |
nia |
|
1, 6 |
|
185 |
we
|
kulu |
|
68 |
|
185 |
we
|
kamiliʔa |
|
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
koro |
we (1du.incl) |
22 |
|
185 |
we
|
kami |
we (1pl.excl) |
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
kamiliʔa |
we (1pl.excl) |
2 |
|
185 |
we
|
kia |
we (1pl.incl) |
1 |
|
185 |
we
|
kamareʔa |
we (1du.excl) |
2 |
|
186 |
you |
kamaluʔa |
|
1, 32 |
|
186 |
you |
-mu |
your (2sg.poss) |
x |
|
186 |
you |
-maluʔa |
your (2pl.poss) |
x |
|
186 |
you |
kamaroʔa |
you (2du) |
x |
|
186 |
you |
kamiu |
you (2pl) |
1, 13 |
|
186 |
you |
kamuluʔa |
you (2pl) |
x |
|
187 |
they |
kera |
|
1, 69 |
|
187 |
they |
keroʔa |
they (3du) |
x |
|
187 |
they |
kiluʔa |
they (3pl) |
1, 69 |
|
188 |
what?
|
taa |
|
1, 52 |
|
188 |
what?
|
ta |
what? |
1, 52 |
|
189 |
who?
|
tei |
|
1 |
|
189 |
who?
|
nitei |
who? |
|
|
190 |
other |
ruana |
|
|
|
191 |
all |
teʔefau |
|
17 |
|
192 |
and |
maa |
|
2 |
|
192 |
and |
bia |
and |
24 |
|
193 |
if |
ma|sa |
|
3 |
|
193 |
if |
sa |
if |
|
|
194 |
how?
|
fania |
|
49 |
|
194 |
how?
|
ni fania |
how? |
49 |
|
195 |
no, not |
ʔeaʔi |
|
|
|
195 |
no, not |
eʔaʔi |
no |
|
|
196 |
to count |
teʔemaʔi |
|
68 |
|
196 |
to count |
teʔemania |
count |
68 |
|
197 |
One
|
eeta |
|
32 |
|
197 |
One
|
ɛta |
one |
32 |
|
198 |
Two
|
rua |
|
1 |
|
199 |
Three
|
ulu |
irregular *o > u |
1 |
|
200 |
Four
|
fai |
|
1, 65 |
|
201 |
Five
|
lima |
five |
1 |
|
202 |
Six
|
ɔnɔ |
six |
1 |
|
203 |
Seven
|
fiu |
seven |
1 |
|
204 |
Eight
|
kwalu |
eight |
3 |
|
205 |
Nine
|
sikwa |
nine |
5 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
akwala |
ten |
27 |
|
206 |
Ten
|
taŋafulu |
ten |
5 |
|
207 |
Twenty
|
|
|
|
|
208 |
Fifty
|
|
|
|
|
209 |
One Hundred
|
talaŋe ndɔ |
one hundred |
39 |
|
210 |
One Thousand
|
teʔe tɔʔɔni |
one thousand |
30 |
|