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Language: Fwâi

Source/Author:  F. OZANNE-RIVIERRE and A-G HAUDRICOURT 
Identifiers:  ISO-639-3:fwa  Glottocode: fwai1237 
Notes:  The lexical data used here come from the book writen by Françoise OZANNE-RIVIERRE and André-Georges HAUDRICOURT, Dictionnaire thématique des langues de la région de Hienghène (Nouvelle-Calédonie) : PIJE – FWÂI – NEMI – JAWE (published in 1982).
This book presents a thematic lexicon and a phonological comparaison of those four languages, based on several fieldworks made by two linguists : André-Georges HAUDRICOURT (in 1959) and Françoise OZANNE-RIVIERRE (1973, 1976, 1978).
The lexicon is translating french words into those four targeted languages. They are spoken on the north-west side of the Grande Terre island in New Caledonia.  
Problems:  Data entry methodology remarks :
- The words with the more general meaning have been entered.
- When possible, only the lexical radicals have been entered here (those radicals are presented by the authors).
- When the lexical item entered is a affixe, it starts or end with a dash
- When several lexical items are possible for a word in the list, the phonological words have been retained before anything else.
Note that there are no comments from the authors on how frequent each word is, when they are all refering to the same notion.
Note as well that there are no comments on borrowings.
- When several lexical items, with no general meaning, correspond to a word in the list, those meaning have been noted in the comments
- The phonetic alphabet used by the authors is partially different from the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) used here ; since the consonnant and vowel systems for Fwâi are presented by the authors, we have been able to transcribe according to the IPA the following sounds :
[s] : [ç]
[y] : [ʝ]

Data entry general remarks :.
- When the lexical item entered is a affixe, it starts or end with a dash.
- If a lexical item is resulting of a lexicalized composition or derivation, the construction resulting in a word is noted by a dash (for instance  pun-ⁿga, ‘hair-of the head’). 
Data Entry:  Typed By: David PIEKUT  Checked By:  
Statistics:   
Classification:  Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:Oceanic:Central-Eastern Oceanic:Remote Oceanic:New Caledonian:Northern:North:Nemi 
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Change History:

Showing all of 24 entries

Entries:

ID: Word: Item: Annotation: Cognacy: Loan:
1 hand hi   10  
2 left mo   1, 59  
3 right ⁿduhi   24  
4 leg/foot ho   88  
5 to walk hʝathok      
6 road/path çẽ:ⁿdan      
7 to come he-me   1  
8 to turn word info tewe:      
9 to swim nem To swim under water    
9 to swim hʝo:m To swim at the surface, the head above the water 97  
10 dirty ⁿge:k      
11 dust hmu:n-ⁿguc   1, 105  
12 skin ci:   1  
13 back word info ⁿdai      
14 belly ⁿɟic   1  
15 bone ⁿdu   2  
16 intestines ho:rhẽ      
17 liver kec   1  
18 breast thi   1  
19 shoulder pue-hi      
20 to know, be knowledgeable hina   116  
21 to think ɲiɲami      
22 to fear numwa      
23 blood kura   1, 45  
24 head ⁿga      
25 neck no:      
26 hair word info pun-ⁿga      
27 nose hwãⁿdi      
28 to breathe po-hʝe:n hnahna      
29 to sniff, smell      
30 mouth hwa      
31 tooth pa:-hwa      
32 tongue kuehma      
33 to laugh ŋa:n   110  
34 to cry hʝe   80  
35 to vomit ũⁿda      
36 to spit çuhma      
37 to eat hwi-aman   1, 55  
38 to chew word info hwai b. 'To chew some bark or magnania'    
39 to cook word info para:k a.    
40 to drink khũⁿduk To drink something cold 6  
40 to drink khũⁿdi To drink something cold 6  
40 to drink ɸelo To drink something hot    
40 to drink ɸeloi To drink something hot    
41 to bite hwi: 'To bite in order to eat some meat' 57  
42 to suck huli      
43 ear ⁿɟe:na   1  
44 to hear tena   80  
45 eye thãma:      
46 to see hwene      
47 to yawn ohaem      
48 to sleep khõule:ŋ      
49 to lie down word info ho:k      
50 to dream      
51 to sit taⁿgo   42  
52 to stand tu:t      
53 person/human being hno:k (2) woman, female    
53 person/human being kahok (1) man, male    
54 man/male kahok      
55 woman/female hno:k      
56 child haok      
57 husband kalo:      
58 wife hno:e      
59 mother thẽ      
60 father thãu      
61 house ŋa   1  
62 thatch/roof ⁿgan-ŋa      
63 name ʝat   1, 18  
64 to say pe:i      
65 rope wãk There are a lot of lexical items for the notion rope (part of rope, rope for a specific purpose, rope made up by a special material, etc) The word retained here is the less specific, meaning rope as well as liana    
66 to tie up, fasten tha:      
67 to sew word info thoi      
68 needle ⁿdu-ᵐbwek      
69 to hunt word info βai      
70 to shoot word info      
71 to stab, pierce ⁿdua      
72 to hit word info hnaβi To whip    
72 to hit word info ka:i To hit/strike/kill without any other specification    
73 to steal ⁿgune      
74 to kill ka:i      
75 to die, be dead mac   1  
76 to live, be alive marip      
77 to scratch word info ɟawi      
78 to cut, hack word info the-ⁿgane      
79 stick/wood ᵐbwareⁿɟa      
80 to split word info thiu The translation given in the source lexicon is an intransitive verb (in french 'se séparer'). Its use is illustrated in the following example : 'those people are split in two parties'    
81 sharp cac      
82 dull, blunt neɲ      
83 to work word info po-poɣa      
84 to plant tami      
85 to choose thamwi      
86 to grow word info cim      
87 to swell word info hiⁿguk Used as an adjective    
88 to squeeze word info theᵐbile      
89 to hold word info cimwi   1  
90 to dig hʝai To dig    
90 to dig hʝaβi to havest (yam)    
91 to buy thu:      
92 to open, uncover taɸĩ Those items means 'to open (the eye)' Other items with the meaning of 'opening up something (by cuting/splting it)' have not been selected giving the fact that their use is co-occuring with word refering to tools 37  
93 to pound, beat word info ta:-ᵐbi: To crush something (like coffee) with the foot    
93 to pound, beat word info to-ᵐbi: To crush something (like coffee) with the hand'    
94 to throw word info thai      
95 to fall word info tiwa      
95 to fall word info tawa      
96 dog cawek   45  
97 bird manik   1  
98 egg ɸi      
99 feather puni Seems to be used for possessive contruction where the possessor is expressed by a pronoun (for instance: puni-n means 'her/his feather')    
99 feather pun-manik 'bird's fur'    
100 wing hi-n manik 'bird's arm'    
100 wing pun-hi Seems to be used for possessive contruction where the possessor is expressed by a pronoun (for instance : pun-hi means 'her/his wing')    
101 to fly thõ:n      
102 rat ci:ᵐbwi      
103 meat/flesh hmaβe- Those words are not the lexical root, but the possesse form to which a suffixe or a noun refering to the possessor is attached ('meat of')    
104 fat/grease      
105 tail thiⁿge      
106 snake ka-tholaβi pula:k A very specific sea snake, no general term for 'snake'    
107 worm (earthworm) ᵐbet      
108 louse word info b. ci:k      
109 mosquito na:ⁿguk      
110 spider hʝahʝo:k      
111 fish nuk   9  
112 rotten word info hɲat   118  
113 branch word info hi-n ce:k May be literally translated by 'arm of the tree'    
114 leaf ⁿdo   1  
115 root wa:      
116 flower fũ:      
117 fruit pwe      
118 grass      
119 earth/soil ⁿguc      
120 stone paik   1  
121 sand kon   1  
122 water word info we   2  
123 to flow hʝe      
124 sea ⁿdalik Means 'salty water' 1  
125 salt ⁿdalik      
126 lake ⁿdan      
127 woods/forest kuc   7  
128 sky poa   75  
129 moon fwẽ      
130 star thanik      
131 cloud word info ne:ɲ      
132 fog ça:hmat      
133 rain kut   1  
134 thunder niuk   43  
135 lightning hɲonim      
136 wind ⁿda:n   1  
137 to blow word info thai a.    
137 to blow word info uβi b.    
138 warm word info khiut      
139 cold word info khim      
140 dry word info man Means 'dry' as a river or a fruit    
140 dry word info maʝuk Means 'dry' as clothes    
140 dry word info ʝaᵐbwat Means 'dry' as clothes    
141 wet moⁿguk      
142 heavy the:c      
142 heavy pwaluk   10  
143 fire ʝa:k      
144 to burn word info het      
145 smoke word info hmu   2, 76  
146 ash ⁿdap   1  
147 black ɸi:ŋ      
148 white hulo      
149 red maⁿgat      
150 yellow kari   14  
151 green fũɲ      
152 small mwaɲ      
153 big hun      
154 short word info humwa a.    
155 long word info ⁿgahlia      
156 thin word info terep   63  
157 thick word info thaᵐbo      
158 narrow uᵐbec      
159 wide kalaβa      
160 painful, sick ɸali:c      
161 shy, ashamed ka-hwo:ŋ      
162 old word info βahi      
163 new kaʝa Those lexical items are used for humans; for 'new objects', those items are combined with gaa, illustrated as followed : gaa kaʝa    
164 good nehʝa      
164 good kohʝa Refering to 'good feelings or morality' Refering to 'something (food) that taste good'    
165 bad, evil ta:c      
166 correct, true ⁿduhẽⁿduk      
167 night ⁿgen      
168 day mala   1, 54  
169 year tok      
170 when? word info thẽ:n      
171 to hide word info ta-hẽⁿdua      
172 to climb word info ʝoβa-ta      
173 at ne      
174 in, inside rhẽ      
175 above ra French translation : 'en haut'    
176 below rip French translation : 'en bas'    
177 this -ⁿda      
178 that      
179 near ŋeŋeno      
180 far ho:t      
181 where? word info eβe Without movement    
181 where? word info βe With movement    
182 I wo      
183 thou ⁿdo      
184 he/she ʝe      
185 we word info neⁿdu (incl)    
185 we word info neᵐbu (excl)    
186 you ⁿdawe (plural)    
186 you ⁿdau (dual)    
187 they ʝelu (dual)    
187 they ʝele (plural)    
188 what? word info ta   1  
189 who? word info rhu:      
189 who? word info rhu:ⁿde      
190 other      
191 all      
192 and ma   2  
193 if fwãne      
194 how? word info hoᵐbe:      
195 no, not hʝan Negative polarity sentence marker    
195 no, not koi As a reply meaning 'no' 45  
195 no, not hʝa pe:i Negative polarity sentence marker    
196 to count ɸine      
197 One word info he:c      
198 Two word info heluk      
199 Three word info heyen      
200 Four word info foβec      
201 Five word info nim   1, 15  
202 Six word info ni-ᵐbwe:c      
202 Six word info hemen he:c      
203 Seven word info hemen heluk      
203 Seven word info ni-ᵐbweluk      
204 Eight word info ni-ᵐbweʝen      
204 Eight word info hemen heʝen      
205 Nine word info ni-ᵐboβec      
205 Nine word info hemen foβac      
206 Ten word info paiⁿdu   12  
207 Twenty word info he: kahok Litteraly 'one man'    
208 Fifty word info      
209 One Hundred word info nim kahok Litteraly 'five men'    
210 One Thousand word info      

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